A proposed design framework for the provision of appropriate footwear for people suffering with diabetics

A frequently referenced component in the prevention of diabetic foot problems is the use of therapeutic footwear. Thus, footwear should be designed to relieve pressure areas, reduce shock and shear forces and be able to accommodate foot deformities by supporting and stabilizing them. There is however lack of adequate knowledge about the role of footwear and multidisciplinary approach in the management of foot related problems among diabetic patients and health care providers. This study is the first of its kind to be done in Nigeria with an aim to develop a design framework that would help to identify appropriate footwear designs for people suffering with diabetes. The proposed design framework was developed based on information gathered through questionnaires and interview surveys of diabetic patients and medical doctors in Nigeria respectively. The design framework shows three step-by-step procedures for provision of appropriate footwear to people suffering with diabetes. Product Design Specification was also formulated to determine key elements that could be considered in the design and selection of appropriate materials for diabetic footwear manufacture. Three functional prototypes (footwear) were made and used to test various usability aspects of the product with the prospective users. It was concluded that the high rate of amputation reported amongst diabetic patients could be drastically reduced through effective use of the proposed design frame work. Finally, limitations of this work and areas that would require further research were also outlined.