Assessment of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Waste Stabilization Pond Efficiency through Principal Component Analysis with R Programming

In this study, the performance of the ABU (Ahmadu Bello University) waste stabilisation pond system was  evaluated, with a primary focus on its efficiency of organic loading remover, and the interplay of key  physicochemical parameters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) application reveals strong correlations  between BOD and selected parameters, notably turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS), highlighting their  significance in water quality dynamics. The findings affirmed the system's effectiveness in organic loading  reduction having a removal efficiency of 62.05% and the stability of physicochemical parameters within  acceptable limits. Recommendations include measures to control turbidity, manage pH and dissolved oxygen  (DO) levels, implement real-time monitoring, and conduct periodic assessments to optimise treatment  capacities. Beyond practical applications, the study's impact extends to potential policy implications,  environmental conservation, and the dissemination of knowledge in the field of wastewater treatment,  contributing to sustainable wastewater management and the safeguarding of aquatic ecosystems